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Facts About Earth
The Earth, Sun and Moon are of great importance because they shape our night sky and serve as humanity's support system. But how often do we stop and take the time to realize their true natural beauty, or to notice the diversity and uniqueness of their features? Take some time to learn a little bit about these major bodies of our solar system. Here are some cool facts to get you started!
Earth Facts:
- Earth is the third planet from the sun and the fifth largest in the solar system.
- Earth is the only planet in our solar system known to harbor life.
- Earth has a diameter of about 8,000 miles (13,000 kilometers).
- Earth is about 93 million miles (150 million kilometers) from the sun.
- Earth takes 365 days 6 hours 9 minutes 9.54 seconds to circle the sun.
- Earth travels in its orbit at 66,700 miles (107,000 kilometers)/hour, or 18.5 miles (30 kilometers)/second.
- Earth’s four seasons are a result of its axis of rotation being tilted more than 23 degrees.
- Oceans at least 2.5 miles (4 kilometers) deep cover nearly 70 percent of Earth's surface.
Moon Facts: (The moon is not made of cheese, although that would be delicious!)
- The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite.
- The Moon is the only astronomical body (other than Earth) ever visited by human beings.
- Like Earth and the rest of the solar system, the moon is about 4.6 billion years old.
- The moon's average radius (distance from its center to its surface) is 1,079.6 miles (1,737.4 kilometers).
- The moon is about 81 times less massive than the Earth.
- The force due to gravity at the lunar surface is only about 1/6 of that on Earth.
- Despite the moon's relatively weak gravitational force, the moon produces tides in Earth's waters.
- The average distance from the center of Earth to the center of the moon is 238,897 miles (384,467 kilometers). That distance is growing -- but extremely slowly. The moon is moving away from Earth at a speed of about 1 1/2 inches (3.8 centimeters) per year.
Sun Facts:
- The sun is a star -- one of billions of stars that make up a galaxy called "The Milky Way."
- The sun is made up entirely of gas (hydrogen and helium).
- Nine planets, their moons, tens of thousands of asteroids, and trillions of comets revolve around the sun.
- The sun's radius is about 432,000 miles (695,500 kilometers), approximately 109 times Earth's radius.
- The part of the sun that we see has a temperature of about 5500 degrees C (10,000 degrees F).
- The sun's energy comes from nuclear fusion reactions that occur deep inside its core.
- The sun has enough nuclear fuel to remain much as it is for another 5 billion years.
- The sun has 99.8 percent of the mass in the solar system (roughly 2 X 1027 tons)
Space Facts:
- The universe is a big place, made up of not only our solar systems and our galaxy (The Milky Way Galaxy), but as many as 100 billion other galaxies!
- The matter of the universe is expanding, and the rate of expansion is accelerating!
- Scientists believe that the the matter in the universe was created by an event called “The Big Bang,” where matter was super-concentrated into one small area and exploded outward. As that matter cooled, it began to form into balls of matter now known as planets, stars, moons, asteriods, comets, and other planetary bodies.
If you want to continue learning about our Earth and other astronomical bodies, search online to see some amazing Earth images and space pictures. You can go to a website dedicated to Facts About Earth for more facts and image libraries, or if you just want to see an interactive Earth globe, you can check out Google Earth online. It is an amazing program and it is definitely worth your time.
Happy exploring!
(Facts supplied by NASA)
Two new Earth-sized exoplanets discovered (MIT)
Hunting for habitable worlds, NASA’s Kepler space telescope has unveiled two
new planets, some 950 light-years away, that are the smallest yet detected,
and the closest in size to Earth. In a paper published this week in _Nature_,
scientists from MIT and elsewhere report that the planets — one just about
Earth’s size, and the other a bit smaller — likely have rocky compositions,
similar to Earth, and orbit a star much like the sun. But that’s where the
similarities end.
Compared with Earth’s leisurely 365-day orbit, the new planets practically
whiz around their star in a matter of days or weeks. Their tight circuits,
closer even than Mercury’s orbit around our sun, make the planets extremely
hot — likely too hot to sustain life. While either planet is far from Earth’s
twin, scientists say the discovery is a technological milestone.
“For the Kepler space telescope, it’s extremely significant, because it proves
we can reach down to Earth’s size,” says co-author Sara Seager, the Ellen
Swallow Richards Professor of Planetary Science and Professor of Physics at
MIT. “It’s a massive accomplishment just to find anything at all like this.”
The new planets, which orbit the star ...
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